zero2prod/src/authentication.rs

use std::fmt::Display;

use crate::telemetry::spawn_blocking_with_tracing;
use anyhow::Context;
use argon2::{
    Algorithm, Argon2, Params, PasswordHash, PasswordHasher, PasswordVerifier, Version,
    password_hash::{SaltString, rand_core::OsRng},
};
use secrecy::{ExposeSecret, SecretString};
use sqlx::PgPool;
use uuid::Uuid;

pub struct Credentials {
    pub username: String,
    pub password: SecretString,
}

#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
pub enum AuthError {
    #[error(transparent)]
    UnexpectedError(#[from] anyhow::Error),
    #[error("Invalid credentials.")]
    InvalidCredentials(#[source] anyhow::Error),
}

#[tracing::instrument(name = "Change password", skip(password, connection_pool))]
pub async fn change_password(
    user_id: Uuid,
    password: SecretString,
    connection_pool: &PgPool,
) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
    let password_hash = spawn_blocking_with_tracing(move || compute_pasword_hash(password))
        .await?
        .context("Failed to hash password.")?;
    sqlx::query!(
        "UPDATE users SET password_hash = $1 WHERE user_id = $2",
        password_hash.expose_secret(),
        user_id
    )
    .execute(connection_pool)
    .await
    .context("Failed to update user password in the database.")?;
    Ok(())
}

fn compute_pasword_hash(password: SecretString) -> Result<SecretString, anyhow::Error> {
    let salt = SaltString::generate(&mut OsRng);
    let password_hash = Argon2::new(
        Algorithm::Argon2id,
        Version::V0x13,
        Params::new(1500, 2, 1, None).unwrap(),
    )
    .hash_password(password.expose_secret().as_bytes(), &salt)?
    .to_string();
    Ok(SecretString::from(password_hash))
}

#[tracing::instrument(name = "Validate credentials", skip_all)]
pub async fn validate_credentials(
    Credentials { username, password }: Credentials,
    connection_pool: &PgPool,
) -> Result<(Uuid, Role), AuthError> {
    let mut user_id = None;
    let mut role = None;
    let mut expected_password_hash = SecretString::from(
        "$argon2id$v=19$m=15000,t=2,p=1$\
gZiV/M1gPc22ElAH/Jh1Hw$\
CWOrkoo7oJBQ/iyh7uJ0LO2aLEfrHwTWllSAxT0zRno"
            .to_string(),
    );

    if let Some((stored_user_id, stored_expected_password_hash, stored_role)) =
        get_stored_credentials(&username, connection_pool)
            .await
            .context("Failed to retrieve credentials from database.")
            .map_err(AuthError::UnexpectedError)?
    {
        user_id = Some(stored_user_id);
        role = Some(stored_role);
        expected_password_hash = stored_expected_password_hash;
    }

    let handle =
        spawn_blocking_with_tracing(|| verify_password_hash(expected_password_hash, password));

    let uuid = user_id
        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Unknown username."))
        .map_err(AuthError::InvalidCredentials)?;

    let role = role
        .ok_or_else(|| anyhow::anyhow!("Unknown role."))
        .map_err(AuthError::UnexpectedError)?;

    handle
        .await
        .context("Failed to spawn blocking task.")
        .map_err(AuthError::UnexpectedError)?
        .map_err(AuthError::InvalidCredentials)
        .map(|_| (uuid, role))
}

#[tracing::instrument(name = "Verify password", skip_all)]
fn verify_password_hash(
    expected_password_hash: SecretString,
    password_candidate: SecretString,
) -> Result<(), anyhow::Error> {
    let expected_password_hash = PasswordHash::new(expected_password_hash.expose_secret())
        .context("Failed to parse hash in PHC string format.")?;
    Argon2::default()
        .verify_password(
            password_candidate.expose_secret().as_bytes(),
            &expected_password_hash,
        )
        .context("Password verification failed.")
}

#[tracing::instrument(name = "Get stored credentials", skip(connection_pool))]
async fn get_stored_credentials(
    username: &str,
    connection_pool: &PgPool,
) -> Result<Option<(Uuid, SecretString, Role)>, sqlx::Error> {
    let row = sqlx::query!(
        r#"
        SELECT user_id, password_hash, role as "role: Role"
        FROM users
        WHERE username = $1
        "#,
        username,
    )
    .fetch_optional(connection_pool)
    .await?
    .map(|row| (row.user_id, SecretString::from(row.password_hash), row.role));
    Ok(row)
}

#[derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize, Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq, sqlx::Type)]
#[sqlx(type_name = "user_role", rename_all = "lowercase")]
pub enum Role {
    Admin,
    Writer,
}

impl Display for Role {
    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
        match self {
            Role::Admin => write!(f, "admin"),
            Role::Writer => write!(f, "writer"),
        }
    }
}

#[derive(Clone)]
pub struct AuthenticatedUser {
    pub user_id: Uuid,
    pub username: String,
    pub role: Role,
}

impl AuthenticatedUser {
    pub fn is_admin(&self) -> bool {
        matches!(self.role, Role::Admin)
    }
}