Use HTML swap to display success and error messages

src/routes/subscriptions.rs

@@ -2,15 +2,16 @@ use crate::{
     domain::{NewSubscriber, SubscriberEmail},
     email_client::EmailClient,
     startup::AppState,
+    templates::{ErrorTemplate, SuccessTemplate},
 };
 use anyhow::Context;
+use askama::Template;
 use axum::{
     Form, Json,
     extract::State,
     http::StatusCode,
-    response::{IntoResponse, Redirect, Response},
+    response::{Html, IntoResponse, Response},
 };
-use axum_messages::Messages;
 use chrono::Utc;
 use rand::{Rng, distr::Alphanumeric};
 use serde::Deserialize;
@@ -72,20 +73,22 @@ impl IntoResponse for SubscribeError {
                 }),
             )
                 .into_response(),
-            SubscribeError::ValidationError(_) => Redirect::to("/").into_response(),
+            SubscribeError::ValidationError(e) => {
+                let template = ErrorTemplate { error_message: e };
+                Html(template.render().unwrap()).into_response()
+            }
         }
     }
 }
 
 #[tracing::instrument(
     name = "Adding a new subscriber",
-    skip(messages, connection_pool, email_client, base_url, form),
+    skip(connection_pool, email_client, base_url, form),
     fields(
         subscriber_email = %form.email,
     )
 )]
 pub async fn subscribe(
-    messages: Messages,
     State(AppState {
         connection_pool,
         email_client,
@@ -97,7 +100,6 @@ pub async fn subscribe(
     let new_subscriber = match form.try_into() {
         Ok(new_sub) => new_sub,
         Err(e) => {
-            messages.error(&e);
             return Err(SubscribeError::ValidationError(e));
         }
     };
@@ -124,8 +126,10 @@ pub async fn subscribe(
         .commit()
         .await
         .context("Failed to commit the database transaction to store a new subscriber.")?;
-    messages.success("A confirmation email has been sent.");
-    Ok(Redirect::to("/").into_response())
+    let template = SuccessTemplate {
+        success_message: "A confirmation email has been sent.".to_string(),
+    };
+    Ok(Html(template.render().unwrap()).into_response())
 }
 
 #[tracing::instrument(